Hamlet Rosencrantz and Guildenstern :: Shakespeare Hamlet

Hamlet Rosencrantz and Guildenstern This procrastination cannot be due to an instinctive and fastidious repugnance to killing, for Hamlet kills Polonius, and Laertes, and in the end the King himself; and he dispatches Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to their doom with true alacrity. Whence then does it come? The answer will be found by examining all these cases. And before them all, let us look at those two lines in 1.4. unhand me gentlemen, By heaven I'll make a ghost of him that lets me! It is one of the key points in the drawing of his character. When it comes to doing what he is determined to do, he will not hesitate to kill even his closest friend, for Horatio is one of the gentlemen whom he threatens sword in hand. Hamlet's spontaneous tendencies are therefore essentially individualistic; and, the point must be emphasized, not even death of others, if need be, will stand in his way. This the Hamlet whose behavior towards Rosencrantz and Guildenstern we are now to study. They were his friends, and we know from his mother that he had much talked of them and that two men there are not living To whom he more adheres. The two young men receive from the King a commission which, whatever the King's secret intentions may be, is honorable. Hamlet, the King in fact tells them, is not what he was. The cause of the change "I cannot dream of." Therefore, I beg you so by your companies To draw him on to pleasures, and to gather So much as from occasion you may glean Whether aught to us unknown afflicts him thus That opened lies within our remedy. Guildenstern's words show that the two young men understand their work in an irreproachable way: Heaven make our presence and our practices Pleasant and helpful to him. They enter upon their new duties at a later stage in the same scene. Cordial and lighthearted, the meeting of the three young men leads to some fencing of wits on ambition; for Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, who know nothing about King Hamlet's murder, naturally assume that the trouble with Hamlet is frustrated ambition (and so in part it is): Hamlet, of course, parries, and as he tries to move off, his two companions, in strict obedience to their master, the King, say: "We'll wait upon you.

Airbnb Marketing Strategy Essay

INTRODUCTION Airbnb, founded during the economic downturn of 2008, is one of many innovative businesses operating within the growing shared economy. Airbnb offers an alternative to the traditional hotel business and allows property owners, termed â€Å"hosts,† to advertise and rent their extra space, be it a spare room, apartment or treehouse. â€Å"Guests† search through the Airbnb website, read reviews and connect with hosts to find less conventional and, often more, affordable lodging. Key to Airbnb’s business success is establishing a framework of trust on which both hosts and guests can rely, a system Airbnb has developed through a strong marketing strategy and through specific practices that support host and guest throughout the rental process. Building this framework of trust in the system is a focus not just for Airbnb, but is also typical of a company operating in the new sharing economy. WHAT IS THE SHARING ECONOMY? The sharing economy is a new economic opportunity for customers to access goods whenever they are required at that moment – with access trumping ownership. For example, if a person only uses a car once a month, they could rent a car from a sharing economy company like ZipCar instead of paying a monthly car payment for a car they barely use. Following the economic recession, many Americans have become less wasteful in using their economic resources. In addition, more Americans are expressing an interest in being more socially conscious of green initiatives and other social responsibilities (Neilson). These trends have resulted in a new focus on shared resources. Beyond just the economic benefits, goodwill and community building are important drivers of the sharing economy. Today, people who feel the burden of the current economic period may prefer to rent or sell to their peers instead of giving their business to major corporations. Furthermore, the Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) business model is allowing many individuals to exploit their own resources to gain additional income without the high startup costs and long-term commitment for business sustainability. Although the idea of sharing is an old idea, the ability for sharing to generate profit is relatively new. The sharing economy is greatly influenced by online commerce and social media. Online commerce has made it easier for  peers to share their goods and services with one another using trusted financing services through websites such as PayPal. Social media has helped spread the economic and personal benefits of the sharing economy and has served as the fundamental marketing tool for the growth of countless collaborative consumption companies. Companies functioning primarily in the sharing economy consistently urge their users to share their experiences via Facebook, Twitter and other social networks. These social platforms have become so integrated in w eb transactions that once a customer has confirmed or paid, they are prompted to immediately post their money-saving or moneymaking success directly to their social media page of choice. Also referred to as collaborative consumption, the social economy follows the idea that people will first use what they have, borrow, swap, make and thrift items before they actually buy something brand new (Anderson). The marketers of these sharing economy companies primarily target a few segments but are constantly expanding. Urban areas and members of the X and Y Generations are key demographics for the sharing economy. Demographically, the majority of sharing economy companies will target Generation Y due to their concern for environmental and social issues that influence their decision to save and reuse resources (Kotler, Philip, and Kevin Lane Keller, Chapter 8). Statistics show that the newest generation of adults buys fewer houses and fewer cars than its predecessors (Ciccone). Furthermore, Generation Y is attracted to unconventional practices such as the sharing economy and is highly social, able to spread the word. Generation X is more likely to be those who are renting out their goods and services. As Generation X has more responsibilities, they enjoy the extra income that helps them finance their obligations, such as children and paying a mortgage. People are collaborating informally in their communities out of both necessity and as a lifestyle choice. A sharing economy company should concentrate on branding, networking and experience to ensure its success (Olson). Branding is key because sharing economy companies want consumers to have confidence in their brand. The sharing economy is at an advantage, being relatively new with a market that is interconnected through online commerce and social media. Outside of spreading the work, a sense of community is built within the network. Finally, a sharing economy company has to concentrate on customer experience. Customers are looking for ease of  use and product value. When these desires are met, consumers will return to use the service as well as recommend it to others. One very successful example of a company with the sharing economy employing these factors is Airbnb, who in less than a decade has built a major competitor to the centuries old hotel industry. WHAT IS AIRBNB? Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia founded Airbnb in San Francisco, when they began renting out airbeds in their apartment to people attending a local conference to generate additional income in 2008. The early business model for Airbedandbreakfast.com, later renamed Airbnb, focused on large conferences such as the Democratic and Republican Conventions, which created bustling business in the 2008 election year. In 2009 the founders, now including Gebbia’s former roommate and tech wiz Nathan Blecharczyk, received $600,000 in seed funding from Sequoia Capital. In that same year, acknowledging that renting to complete strangers made many people uncomfortable, Chesky and Gebbia flew to New York City, home to many of their users, to meet with hosts in person and survey for potential improvements. This was an unusual strategy for an internet company but it later proved to be profitable. Over the next two years, Airbnb made several key strategic changes that gave it direction and force in the marketplace. Of particular note was the establishment of Airbnb’s broker’s payment model and the decision to bring in professionals to photograph host homes. By the end of 2011, Airbnb had gone international and reached critical mass (Geron). Forbes estimates that Airbnb likely lost money in 2012 in favor of accelerating growth, a hit the company could withstand due to the influx of capital from various Silicon Valley venture capital firms (Geron). Their market penetration is comparatively strong, according to Tech Crunch, with Airbnb’s booking expected to have surpassed that of Hilton in 2012 (Empson), and hosts renting to an estimated 2.5 million people according to the Economist (â€Å"All eyes on the sharing economy†). The Wall Street Journal valued Airbnb at $2.5 billion in October 2012, and Privco projected their revenues for that year to be at $180 million (Melby). In exchange for customer support, website maintenance and various insurance and security features, Airbnb employs a broker-style payment model, taking a portion of  the rental price between 6% and 12% from the guest, depending on the property price, and a 3% service fee from the host (Geron). Airbnb has come into its own financially, while still maintaining an identity that, though not especially anti-corporate, is certainly fresh, young and innovative. From the company logo, with its big, curly lettering and informal design, to its emphasis on direct interaction with potential users, Airbnb has built its brand for the generation inspired by innovation. The motto â€Å"travel like a human† emphasizes the difference between the traditional, impersonal, corporate travel experience and the opportunity Airbnb presents to users to build their personal networks with hosts in far off places, at a lower cost. As is perhaps to be expected with an internet company, Airbnb relies heavily on social media to create and perpetuate its brand identity. A key aspect of the company brand is the travel experience. They post a â€Å"traveler of the week† on their Facebook, Twitter and Google Plus pages, and recently concluded a photo contest using Instagram, with Airbnb travel credits as the prize. While the choice of prize may be a bit opportunistic, the interactive concept to use the mainstream photo-sharing app, and the reward both fit well with the Airbnb brand and kept the focus on travel rather than profit motive. Naturally, travelers’ blog posts that mention Airbnb, whether they focus on the company or simply mention it in p assing, are often promoted through â€Å"re-tweets† and posts on the Airbnb blog. The experience of travel is only one facet of a company identity that is as carefully well-rounded and appealing as its users. Airbnb also emphasizes its interest in the popular local movement with its â€Å"Living Local† shows, a part of its â€Å"AirTV† series. Each online episode features a tour of a unique Airbnb host property, and interviews with the generally personable host or hosts. Beyond that, Airbnb is aware of the appeal of its unique and tech-centric business model to engineering and tech nerds. The company provides content catering directly to this audience through its specific engineering blog – nerds.Airbnb.com – and its Tech Talk YouTube series, where young tech enthusiasts present on innovative new technologies and how they can and are being harnessed to build businesses (YouTube). These videos, generally around an hour in length, provide an in-depth review of current technological and business innovations. Airbnb also uses social media to associate itself with other organizations, not unlike cross branding, which  establishes Airbnb as culturally present and economically innovative while also eliminating the costs of a major advertising campaign. Their Facebook page, for example, lists SXSW, TED, Virgin America, Lonely Planet and Business Punk as organizations that Airbnb â€Å"Likes.† Each of these associations strengthens their brand – Virgin America connects them to another untraditional travel company and to Virgin’s maverick CEO, Richard Branson, whose appeal to young professionals has made him by far the most followed â€Å"Influencer† on professional social media site LinkedIn (â€Å"LinkedIn Today: Top minds, big ideas†). Similarly, their public association with SXSW reveals a cultural affinity in line with that of their clientele, and functions in tandem with the demand for lodging during the festival, to which Airbnb has dedicated a specific section of their site. Through these efforts, the company has branded itself as young, innovative and culturally and technically savvy—all traits that exist outside of its travel-focused revenue stream, but which are inherently appealing to the clientele, both hosts and guests, on which Airbnb relies. AIRBNB FOR GUESTS Airbnb’s business model focuses on consumer-to-consumer (C2C) transactions based on trust. Its model is similar to the popular C2C marketplace of eBay where buyers and sellers engage in transactions that are each evaluated by individuals for their level of risk on the basis of detailed profiles, history, product, price and other resources. However for Airbnb, the relative level of investment for guests and hosts is significantly higher on a per transaction basis. Travelers are risking their vacation experience, safety and in most cases, a relatively higher dollar value than a single product purchase. Hosts are offering their homes, their personal privacy and their own safety, as well as their living experience for the time that their place is secured by a guest. With these personal investments in mind, the success of Airbnb’s ability to instill confidence, trust and safety throughout their network was critical to the success of the company. Airbnb’s roadmap to build safety and security for their renters includes a private messaging system that allows users to learn about each other prior to booking while holding private information to be disclosed at a later time. Another system is Airbnb’s â€Å"verified ID† badge where users will  register their social networks such as LinkedIn, Facebook, Airbnb reviews and official documentation from their photo ID and/or passport. With the verification of all of these resources matching up, those users will receive a â€Å"Verified ID† badge with their account information demonstrating to other users that their identification has been vetted. In April of 2013, Airbnb began randomly selecting users to complete this profile and expect to have this expanded worldwide for all Airbnb members in the near future. Over the last two years, Airbnb has made efforts to increase their resources to expand security and sustain the trust in the marketplace by doubling the size of their customer support staff with 24Ãâ€"7 support, creating a dedicated Trust & Safety department and designing tools to verify user profiles and facilitating richer communications between guests and hosts prior to booking. With these basic features, the usability, consistency and accessibility to hosts and the Airbnb support team continue to be critical characteristics to Airbnb’s service roadmap. Although, when travelers are â€Å"shopping† they also have the responsibility of maximizing their use of these tools and take care in evaluating their own transaction risk by perusing host profiles, reviews, social networks and even connecting with their host on a regular basis. AIRBNB FOR HOSTS Hosts are just as much Airbnb’s customers as guests so while they must inspire guests to stay in an individual’s residence, Airbnb must simultaneously inspire trust and confidence in the Airbnb model for hosts. Airbnb’s actions and interactions with hosts and potential hosts are meant to project an image of control, confidence and community for the host, with a particular focus on doing so administratively, financially and socially. To simplify and centralize the hosting process, Airbnb manages all the administrative functions of becoming a host, which provides a support system and protection for the host and his or her property. Rather than having hosts build a new website for their rental, the site is already created (in multiple languages and currencies) and all he or she must do to get started is create a profile. Airbnb has a free customer service team to help first-time hosts understand the process. While Airbnb makes it clear on their website that understa nding tax and legal status for hosts is the  responsibility of the host, Airbnb provides reference documents and answers to common questions on their website. Although Airbnb maintains the site architecture, hosts are in complete control over the rental price, amenities and house rules. Airbnb in some cases will even offer free professional photography for host properties. A secure online payment system is built into the website to guarantee complete, on-time payment directly to the host (â€Å"Why Host†). Hosts are essentially allowing a stranger into their home (or boat, treehouse, etc.) so a sense of control is key for their confidence in this model. To do so, Airbnb creates systems to offer protection to hosts’ persons and property. Hosts have total control over who rents their listing. A potential guest puts in a reservation request through the online system and then the host has 24 hours to accept or decline the request. During this time the host and potential guest can communicate through the website communications system and reference the aforementioned â€Å"verified ID† system. However, the rental address is not given out until the owner accepts the guest and hosts also have access to the 24-hour customer service hotline (â€Å"Trust†). Since most hosts are renting primary residences or rooms, protecting against potential damage is much more important than if this was a hotel or business. While normal renters’ or homeowners’ insurance is the responsibility of the host, in 2011 Airbnb launched its â€Å"Host Guarantee† property protection program. In May 2012, it took insurance underwritten by Lloyd’s of London to extend the Host Guarantee to up to $1 million in property damages. This covers guest damages beyond the scope of â€Å"reasonable wear and tear† in 23 countries. No additional cost or actions are required for the host to have this protection (â€Å"Guarantee†). The financial incentive is a key reason people become hosts. In a survey of members of Airbnb in San Francisco in November 2012, over 90% of hosts rented their primary residences to visitors and spent almost half the income they made on living expenses (Lawler). To encourage more people to become hosts and to support existing hosts, Airbnb also focuses on facilitating the financial aspects of renting. Firstly, it is free to create a listing using Airbnb. For online payments, the guest submits payment and once the reservation is accepted Airbnb processes and collects the payment in full. Airbnb holds the payment until 24 hours after check-in (and after the guest-host walk through). This helps uphold host cancellation policies and provides a neutral third-party  for financial exchange. The Airbnb website also facilitates cleaning fees which are held until the property is vacated. The secure payment of fees and usage is a key way Airbnb builds confidence for hosts in addition to the social and cultural aspects of hosting. While the first reason most hosts decide to rent their space is financial, another reason is a desire to meet new people, show off their city and be part of the shared economy. Airbnb allows hosts to rent out primary and secondary residences, but 50% of hosts rent private rooms in their residence while they are there (â€Å"Life†). On the Airbnb site, there are numerous forums and guides for people to learn about becoming a host, exchange ideas and form a deeper community within the sharing economy. The social community built in Airbnb, plus the financial and administrative support systems, encourage new and repeat hosts to open their homes and lives up to the world because they trust in the brand and system created by Airbnb. NEXT STEPS Airbnb’s success did not come without the expected growing pains of any startup company, and especially one commanding a dominant market share in the new sharing economy. While its impact on the tourist trade, individual income, revenue to small businesses and economic stimulation are remarkable, the personal price some individuals have had to pay using Airbnb’s service is important not to overlook. From city-issued sanctions to individuals violating lease regulations, to vandalism of personal property and identity theft, the safety, benefits, opportunity costs, and sustainability of Airbnb’s service has been questioned in the media. To alleviate some of these concerns and remain a viable business, Airbnb should examine these obstacles in an effort to institute awareness through its community. They can continue to find ways to provide a more comprehensive and scrutinized ID verification process for all of their users to minimize the existence of bad apples. The level of care that hosts place on evaluating their individual transaction risk and understanding of regulations specific to their city has a direct impact on their safety and success as an Airbnb host. Through consumer forums, hosts, guests, and potential consumers and guests can communicate on a network to learn from their peers. Airbnb should also consider expanding the countries covered and the items covered under the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Host Guarantee† to increase host protections locally and internationally. Moving forward, Airbnb has to be conscious of the popular pitfalls fellow sharing economy companies have faced. In a Campbell Mithun study, consumers were concerned with the following, in descending order: What I lend could get lost or stolen, I might not trust others in the network, my privacy might be compromised, sharing is not worth the effort, and the goods or services might be of poor quality (Olson). As described above, Airbnb has taken necessary measures to help defe nd the safety and privacy of its host and guests. However, as the sharing economy evolves, this could get more difficult and new safety concerns can arise that Airbnb will need to resolve quickly. Collaborative consumption represents a major economic, social and cultural shift as it moves out of infancy and toward acceptance. These companies need to find the balance between the potential of the sharing economy and the standing regulation of the government. The current brick and mortar companies that are participating in highly-regulated industries like hotels or rental cars now have to compete with services that do not go through the same rigorous levels of inspection or qualifications to ensure public safety (Lawler). Sharing economy companies could make a solid argument for self-regulation. Airbnb should take care that they currently have the proper management to ensure there are no nefarious parties in their business dealings and that their brand is strong enough to self-regulate (Lawler). For a well-rounded approach, shared economy companies should look towards or at least be aware of how the government may impose regulations to see how they might help or hinder Airbnbâ₠¬â„¢s progress. There will come a time when companies like Airbnb will need to defend their unconventional and minimally regulated services, and should now put into place a team that can defend them. Lobbying municipal and state governments in high usage areas is a more traditional but still relevant area for Airbnb to protect its business model and by extension its users. The greatest advantage that collaborative consumption has when defending their stance to the economy is that they exist to help people in their communities to meet their goals (Metcalf, Warburg). These companies need to leverage their community-based benefits as a way to gain support and appeal to those wanting greater government intervention. Preparation and understanding of user needs, government regulations and economic trends will bridge the nascent shared  economy into a strong, sustainable economic force. Therefore, if Airbnb continues to focus on building a brand that consumers can trust in and created mechanisms to support hosts and guests then it can be a durable, profitable company for years to come. WORKS CITED Airbnb. YouTube. Web. 27 June 2013. https://www.youtube.com/user/Airbnb Anderson, Lauren. â€Å"Collaborative Consumption Directory – Visualized.† Collaborative Consumption. Collaborative Consumption, 30 May 2013. Web. 01 July 2013. http://www.collaborativeconsumption.com/2013/05/30/collaborative-consumption-directory-visualized. Ciccone, Alicia. â€Å"The Sharing Economy.† The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 05 Sept. 2012. Web. 01 July 2013. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/05/the-sharing-economy_n_1857201.html Empson, Rip. â€Å"CEO Brian Chesky Says Airbnb Will Be Filling More Room Nights Than All Hilton Hotels By The End Of 2012.† TechCrunch., 12 Dec. 2012. Web. 29 June 2013. http://techcrunch.com/2012/12/12/cloudera-ceo-mike-olson-by-december-31st-airbnb-will-be-filling-more-room-nights-than-hilton-hotels/ Geron, Tomio.†Airbnb and the Unstoppable Rise of the Share Economy.† Forbes, 11 Feb. 2013. Forbes. â€Å"Guarantee.† Airbnb. Web 30 June 2013. https://www.Airbnb.com/guarantee Lawler, Ryan. â€Å"Airbnb: Our Guests Stay Longer and Spend More Than Hotel Guests, Contributing $56M to the San Francisco Economy.† Tech Crunch. 9 November 2012. 30 June 2013. http://techcrunch.com/2012/11/09/airbnb-research-data-dump/ Lawler, Ryan. â€Å"Balancing Innovation And Regulation In The Sharing Economy.†TechCrunch. Crunchbase, 9 Dec. 2012. Web. 01 July 2013. http://techcrunch.com/2012/12/09/balancing-innovation-and-regulation-in-the-sharing-economy. â€Å"Life† Airbnb. Web 30 June 2013. https://www.Airbnb.com/life â€Å"LinkedIn Today: Top Minds, Big Ideas.† LinkedIn.com. Web. 29 June 2013. http://www.linkedin.com/today/influencers?trk=tod3-top-nav-filter Kotler, Philip, and Kevin Lane Keller. â€Å"Chapter 8 Identifying Market Segments and Targets.† Marketing Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2012. Melby, Caleb. â€Å"Who Will Get Rich from Sky High Airbnb Valuation?† Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 19 Oct. 2012. Web. 27 June 2013. http://www.forbes.com/sites/calebmelby/2012/10/19/peter-thiel-may-invest-150-million-in-airbnb-at-2-5-billion-valuation/ Metcalf, Gabriel, and Jennifer Warburg. â€Å"A Policy Agenda for the Sharing Economy.†SPUR.com. The Urbanist, Oct. 2012. Web. 02 July 2013. http://www.spur.org/publications/library/article/policy-agenda-sharing-economy. Olson, Kristine. â€Å"Campbell Mithun.† Campbell Mithun. 8 Feb. 2013. Web. 01 July 2013. http://www.campbell-mithun.com/678_national-study-quantifies-reality-of-the-sharing-economy-movement. Temple, James. â€Å"Google Places Draws Complaints from Yelp, Others.† SFGate. San Francisco Chronicle, 29 June 3011. Web. 27 June 2013. http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Google-Places-draws-complaints-from-Yelp-others-2352896.php â€Å"The Globally, Socially Conscious Consumers.† The Global, Socially Conscious Consumer. Nielson, 27 Mar. 2012. Web. 01 July 2013.

Wgu Fht Task 1 - 1675 Words

Jessica Odessa Shepherd Human Development and Learning - FHT4 Western Governors University Student ID 259630 FHT4 - Task 1 Cognitive Development refers to the construction of the thought process that includes problem solving, remembering and the ability to make decisions, from childhood up to the adulthood stage. Cognitive/Intellectual Development is the ability to learn, reason, and analyze the fact that a process begins from infancy and progresses as the individual (Educational Psychology). Cognitive Development contains events that are logical, like thinking and remembering. Some factors remain the same throughout many of the theories on cognitive development. All theorists agree that people go through specific steps and/or†¦show more content†¦Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky both agree and disagree in the area of the Nature/Development of Intelligence. Piaget and Vygotsky agree on the idea of constructivism, the certainty that cognitive development happens by accumulation to and building from what is previously recognized and learned. Piaget was a trivial constructivist, he believed that indiv iduals acquire knowledge by interacting with their environment and building on their knowledge and understanding of their environment. On the other hand, Lev Vygotsky was a social constructivist, believing individuals acquire knowledge through social interaction and learning from others. They also both agree that the restrictions of intellectual growth are defined by social interactions. Individuals acquire knowledge from interactions that they have already been exposed to and what other people can teach them, whether if it other children that are older than they are, adults in the life, or teachers. Jean Piaget believed that individuals acquire their knowledge by interacting in their environment, and it comes as a direct outcome of the individual’s actions on to their environment. Piaget believed that individuals must learn before they develop (Educational Psychology). According to Jean Piaget’s theory, the order of acquiring knowledge is an individual acts upon their environment, learning from the consequences of their actions, and then developing knowledge and understanding of

Just Walk on By A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space by Brent Staples Free Essay Example, 1000 words

In examining the way Brent Staples sequences his point of view narrative to impact the reader his use of personal stories is an important element. Staples presents a number of personal stories in a sequence allowing one to build on the next in an effort to build an argument that has a powerful effect on the reader. In these regards, Staples presents a number of instances where he encounters individuals alone on a city street who fear him because of his race. These stories are augmented with anecdotes from Staples' life. Two of the most powerful of these are those when Staples discusses instances where he faces extreme oppression and prejudice entering a jewelry store and later when attempting to speak with his editor. These stories are powerfully impactful as they attest to the extremity of the social stigma that has been placed upon him. In many regards, his examples are representative of real-world experience, as it would be na ve to not think that women walking down a street at n ight alone might fear a lone black man. While these personal stories demonstrate the extreme reactions society has to him and his acquaintance, in some instances it's clear that they are made to sound sensational just for increased reader reaction. We will write a custom essay sample on Just Walk on By: A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space by Brent Staples or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Perhaps that is the conclusion to be drawn; namely that the experience of otherness is all pervasive and oppressive in this individual s daily life. Ultimately, Staples sequences these personal stories in this way to allow one to build on to the next to build evidence that makes a believable and impactful argument.

Oedipus The King Is A Good Example Of Fate - 964 Words

Some believe that their lives and the events that take place within it are left up to fate, while others strive to make their own destinies. Fate is defined as events that develop in a manner that is out of one’s own control. Events that some believe would have occurred regardless of ones efforts. While free will is defined as the power to shape one’s own future through ones actions. The complete disregard of fate and supposed predetermined events. The tale of Sophocles, Oedipus The King is a good example of fate in action. Oedipus’s misfortune followed him relentlessly wherever he went, regardless of his choices. While the tale of Hamlet shows Hamlet making conscious decisions that effected his life in powerful ways that could have been avoided had he made other decisions. Oedipus’s tragic misfortune was pre-determined in a prophecy. As de Boer states, the first oracle of Phoebus prophesized that Oedipus â€Å"[†¦] was doomed to kill his father and marry his mother--hence his expulsion from Thebes as a newborn baby† (de Boer). Oedipus unknowingly murders his real father. â€Å"Fleeing his foster parents in order to prevent that from happening, he unknowingly meets his real father on the road and kills him† (de Boer). Even as he makes an attempt to put distance between himself and his thought to be father, by travelling to Thebes so, should the prophecy come true he could avoid murder him. Still he arrived in his true father’s country and murders him without knowing. Making his effortsShow MoreRelatedOedipus, an Ironic Tragic Hero1034 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus, an Ironic Tragic Hero Much of the tragedy of the play comes from the irony involved in fate Oedipus’s life. 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Oedipus’s own essential nature makes him a tragic hero because his ignorance (lack of knowledge) led him to his own destructionRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Oedipus The King1025 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Analysis: Oedipus the King Oedipus the King is a tragic play showing a shift from the belief of fate to freedom of choice. Therefore, Oedipus the king is a great example of those who run from fate ends up fulfilling their fate After reading this type of tragic play â€Å"Oedipus the King† written by Sophocles you can see that the author did a very outstanding form of presenting a tragedy that has the characteristics of mimesis and a tragic hero. Specifically, the writer written the playRead MoreOedipus The King, A Tragic Hero Story Of Fate1495 Words   |  6 Pages OEDIPUS THE KING, A TRAGIC HERO STORY OF FATE Pamela A. Long L26269572 ENGL 102 Professor Givens March 2, 2015 Turabian Sophocles is one of the great ancient Greek tragedians in the history of drama. In the play â€Å"Oedipus the King,† Oedipus is an excellent example of fate happening to a tragic hero. In addition, this play has all the elements of tragedy; human weakness, powerless, suffering, and one not having control of his own destiny. As a result, â€Å"Oedipus the King† is theRead MoreOedipus the King Essay1127 Words   |  5 Pages Oedipus the king written by sophecles when read for the first time the reader will realize that the audience already knows what is going to happen its just the way that the characters deal will with it. There is an oracle that says that Oedipus will kill his father and marry his mother. Sophecles examines the relationship between fate and free will. Fate being what some say is an excuse. For example if I said that I could not do what I wanted to do I could say it was fate, which is junk. What isRead MoreAn Analysis of Fate vs. Free Will in the Theban Plays1392 Words   |  6 PagesAn Analysis of Fate vs. Free Will in the Theban Plays When Teiresias asks in Antigone (line 1051), What prize outweighs the priceless worth of prudence? he strikes (as usual) to the heart of the matter in Sophocles Theban Plays. Sophocles dramatizes the struggle between fate and free will, in one sense, but in another sense the drama might be better understood as the struggle between the will of the goods (which it is prudent to follow, according to Teiresias) and mans will (which is oftenRead MoreWas Oedipus Responsible For His Own Fate?1384 Words   |  6 Pages Was Oedipus responsible for his own fate? Oedipus, the King Harmanjot Singh Parmar, 578087686 Vancouver Island University Author note This paper was prepared for Liberal studies, Section 250, taught by Mark Blackell Oedipus-the king is a true Greek novel in all sense. It is a tragedy at heart and explores variousRead MoreOedipus Essay734 Words   |  3 PagesThis analysis of Oedipus’s character shows how Oedipus, the protagonist and the antagonist against himself, dealt with unfortunate situations which sealed his fate. Oedipus was a strange round character that was really interesting and mysterious. Oedipus’s life was a good example of a true Greek tragedy; he worked himself up to be a great king and ultimately in the end he died with only his perception on life. Oedipus was once a man of power who falls impoverished. He goes from having much respectRead More Destiny, Free Will and Choice - The Power of Fate in Oedipus the King1071 Words   |  5 PagesThe Power of Fate in Oedipus the King The concept of fate has existed since the time of the ancient Greeks. The Greeks believed very strongly in fate, which can be defined as either a power beyond human control that determines events, or the outcome or end. In Oedipus Rex, King Oedipus lives and dies by fate. Fate influences the entire plot, thereby allowing for some interesting developments that may be unpredictable to the audience. In Sophocles Oedipus Rex, fate truly is a huge factorRead MoreUnderstanding Fate in Oedipus Tyrannos1196 Words   |  5 Pagesthe personages. It is the case in the play Oedipus Tyrannos. The play, written by Sophocles, represents the typical Greek view of the world with all the values that the Greeks wanted to show. This play is probably the best example to represent the typical tragic hero, in that case Oedipus. The dominant theme that Sophocles wanted to demonstrate in the play was the concept of fate and how nobody was able to escape it, not even the most prestigious people. Fate was extremely important for the Greeks because

Female Education And A Nations Development Education Essay Free Essays

string(39) " a standardised math trial by about 0\." Female instruction is indispensable for the development of a state. This is chiefly because adult females are involved in all kinds of activities both at a regional degree and at the community degree such as kid bearing and family jobs etc. Hence it is really of import to supply quality instruction to adult females to assist them lend to the development of the state in a meaningful manner. We will write a custom essay sample on Female Education And A Nations Development Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Assorted surveies show that adult females ‘s instruction is really of import in order to better the socio-economic place of their households. It is the inequality in entree to instruction for female pupils that prevents them from obtaining the indispensable instruction necessary for their well being and their household ‘s development. The traditional thought of many societies that adult females are merely supposed to make the family work has contributed mostly to the low degrees of female instruction around the Earth. It is seen nevertheless that the societies that have focused on supplying better instruction to adult females have better indexs of societal public assistance. These societies for illustration have lower infant mortality rate apart from that the issue of lower birthrate rates, besides increased life anticipation, improved nutrition and most significantly better chances for their kids. Other factors such as residential position and parent ‘s concern an d attitude towards female pupils besides plays an of import function in bettering the educational position of female pupils in any society. Parent ‘s degree of instruction besides has a direct impact on their girl ‘s instruction. The nexus between the female parent and girl is the strongest. Poverty, parent ‘s professional position, deficiency of skilled instructors and deficiency of inducements such as scholarships for adult females, want of parental attention and proper educational policies affect the criterion of female instruction. ( I.A. Adetunde, 2008 ) Therefore Women ‘s instruction is a really of import issue. Womans who are educated can do profound picks in the affair of wellness, nutrition and basic upbringing of a kid. There is great impact on infant mortality wellness, birthrate, productiveness and a kid ‘s academic public presentation if adult females are educated. On 8th March 2004 Laura Bush ( the first lady at that clip ) said on the adult females ‘s twenty-four hours that when a adult females is denied instruction â€Å" you ‘ve denied half of the population the opportunity to win and the opportunity to lend to a society and to a civilization. † she besides said that â€Å" Womans are more likely to be able to do informed pick so that their kids do n’t endure from malnutrition or other diseases and guarantee that their kids can have best wellness attention. † In Every civilization, the duty of the upbringing and nourishing of a kid lies in the custodies of the female parent. Due to this duty the adult females ‘s instruction has gained rather an importance globally. Surveies reveal that adult females ‘s instruction has strong deductions on every facet of a kid ‘s upbringing and one of them is the kid ‘s academic public presentation. Children of educated female parents are seen to hold better academic public presentation as compared to kids of less or uneducated female parents. ( Tahir Andrabi, Jishnu Das, Asim Ijaz Khwaja: March 2009 ) Educated female parents can assist their kids throughout their life, but most significantly they can assist their kids in their early yearss of instruction. They try to indulge their kids in more productive educational activities apart from what they study at school. This enhances the kid ‘s educational capablenesss and helps them achieve success. Harmonizing to a survey an extra twelvemonth of station compulsory schooling of a female parent has a positive impact on their kid ‘s academic public presentation i.e. â€Å" female parents who stay in full clip instruction beyond the minimal school go forthing age are more likely to show positive educational attitudes and behaviors such as reading to their kids † . ( Leon Feinstein and Ricardo Sabates: January 2008 ) â€Å" Higher instruction is systematically associated with a higher likeliness of matrimony, whereas less instruction is associated with a higher likeliness of divorce † ( Jennifer March Augustine, 2010 ) . Therefore educated female parents tend to hold more stable relationships and household position. This in bend affects their kids ‘s academic public presentation. Children have a healthy environment to populate in and therefore can concentrate more on their surveies and execute good. The flow of resources such as clip, money and socio-emotional support etc from the female parent to kids is affected by this relationship position. ( Jennifer March Augustine, 2010 ) . Marital and birthrate forms have been seen to alter over the last few decennaries. Womans who are more educated ( college alumnuss ) have been the least likely to acquire married and have kids historically. Today nevertheless, the state of affairs is altering and this matrimony spread is gnawing The returns to marriage hold changed. College educated adult females marry subsequently, do non see matrimony as a â€Å" fiscal security † , have fewer kids and worsening divorce rates since 1970 ‘s as compared to adult females without college grades. These factors help adult females to hold a better and a healthier household life which in bend helps them in their Childs upbringing. The kids of more educated adult females therefore can concentrate more on their surveies as they have a healthier environment to analyze in and so they perform good ( Adam Isen Feb. 2010 ) . A Mothers instruction influences a kid largely during the kid ‘s early old ages of instruction ( primary instruction ) . Educated female parents make their kids pass more clip in out-of-door activities, reading etc and are concerned about their kid ‘s advancement at school and have outlooks of the kid ‘s future educational accomplishments.This encourages the kid to concentrate more on h is surveies and enhances his capablenesss. ( Leon Feinstein and Ricardo Sabates: January 2008 ) . Furthermore there are significant intergenerational returns to instruction. An extra twelvemonth of a female parent ‘s schooling makes a positive part to the Childs academic public presentation. It increases the Childs public presentation on a standardised math trial by about 0. You read "Female Education And A Nations Development Education Essay" in category "Essay examples"1 of a standard divergence and reduces the incidence of behavioral jobs particularly for kids aged 7-8.There are assorted channels that transmit the consequence of maternal instruction to the kid, including parental investings throughout different phases of a Childs life and household environment. Educated adult females tend to hold a healthier place environment with better and more stable household lives which so contribute to their Childs educational excellence. Maternal instruction besides reduces grade repeat and the incidence of behavioral jobs. Educated female parents fundamentally avoid early childbi rth, are more likely to be married to educated work forces and tend to hold higher incomes. Thus they can lend in several ways to their Childs instruction for illustration through books, affecting them in extracurricular activities or purchasing them a computing machine. This extra investing pays off in the signifier of improved child public presentation in all academic facets of his life. Even if educated female parents work more they do non pretermit their kids as they are cognizant of the negative effects of making so ( Pedro Carneiro, Sep 2007 ) . Besides educated female parents tend to pass more clip with their kids and their kids tend to pass more clip analyzing outside school therefore there is a strong impact of maternal instruction on their kid ‘s trial tonss. ( Tahir Andrabi, Jishnu Das and Asim Ijaz Khwaja, March 2009 ) . Educated female parents bring in more encouragement and ability for their kids to win in life. Children of educated female parents are normally more confident, free from anxiousnesss, ambitious, self reliant and more focussed. It is seen that an addition in female parent ‘s instruction leads to an addition in the pupils ‘ accomplishment at school.Those female parents who stayed on in instruction instead than merely holding the basic primary instruction can assist their kids in a better manner. A direct relationship is seen between a female parent ‘s instruction degree and their kid ‘s academic public presentation. ( Azra Parveen A ; Muhammad Tayyab Alam 2008 ) . Traditionally it has been thought that an addition in investing in adult females ‘s schooling wages off in the signifier of increased schooling of the following coevals. Some writers have a different position nevertheless. Harmonizing to them the positive relationship between mother-child schooling can non wholly be considered true as it is slightly colored upward due to the correlativities between schooling and assortative coupling and heritable â€Å" ability † . The other surveies, they argue have non considered these factors and therefore reason demoing a positive relationship between mother-child schooling and instruction. â€Å" An addition in the schooling of adult females does non hold good effects in footings of the schooling of kids † ( Jere R. Behrman and Mark R. Rosenzweig, 2002 ) . Increases maternal schooling and instruction alternatively makes the female parents concentrate less on their places, household and specifically their kids. It is emphasize d that the clip of the adult females is an indispensable factor in childbirth and therefore adult females should concentrate more on their households and non on instruction. This, they argue will take to a better academic hereafter for their kid. Better schooling of the female parent nevertheless can better a Childs wellness in certain state of affairss. Basically the consequence of puting in adult females ‘s schooling requires attending to the function played by schooling in the labour and matrimony market for adult females. ( Jere R. Behrman and Mark R. Rosenzweig, 2002 ) Literacy position of female parents besides strongly affects the wellness and nutritionary province of their kids therefore literate female parents can take better attention of their kid ‘s wellness and protect them against several diseases. With illiterate female parents nevertheless there are opportunities of kids developing malnutrition particularly kids less than three old ages of age who are scraggy. Malnutrition negatively affects the kid ‘s academic public presentation. An educated female parent takes better attention of their Childs wellness and therefore their kid is more successful throughout his life. Although there is a positive correlativity between a female parent ‘s instruction and their Childs wellness some surveies reveal that there is barely any important consequence of a female parent ‘s instruction on Childs wellness if female parents have got merely primary instruction. Further it has been found that the first three old ages of female pare nt ‘s instruction has no impact on the Childs wellness. The impact is seen after the first three old ages and the consequence is non additive in instruction. After 4 to 6 old ages of instruction, the magnitude of this consequence becomes little but so once more picks up after 1 old ages of instruction. ( Meherun Ahmed May 2009 ) . However, some bookmans do non wholly back up the correlativity that there is a strong causal relationship between maternal instruction and child wellness. Harmonizing to them this nexus has barely been analyzed decently utilizing the most appropriate statistical theoretical accounts. They are utilizing the community-level fixed-effects theoretical accounts and therefore reason â€Å" maternal instruction may be a placeholder for the socioeconomic position of the family every bit good as for features of the community of abode † . Therefore harmonizing to them there is a possibility that the positive relationship between maternal instruction and child wellness may be untrue. By commanding for a few socioeconomic variables the maternal education/child wellness nexus is seen to be weak. Three markers of kid wellness viz. infant mortality, immunisation position and kids ‘s height-for-age have been examined. Maternal instruction has a important impact on height-for-age and inf ant mortality in merely a few states around the universe. However on the other manus maternal instruction has a strong positive consequence on kids ‘s immunisation position in about half of the states of the universe even after implementing the community and single degree controls. ( SONALDE DESAI AND SOUMYA ALVA, 1998 ) Harmonizing to another survey, educated parents tend to hold educated kids. The writer focused on analyzing whether the intergenerational transmittal of human capital is more behavioral ( raising ) or innate ( nature ) . The information collected helped in dividing familial from environmental parental influences. Consequences of the analysis emphasised that the raising constituent is more of import for both parents ( female parent and male parent ) .The instruction of the most educated female grownup in a family has a strong positive consequence on the schooling of the kids in that family. This holds true for a Childs biological parents and for the parents of an adopted kid. It can be said that the more the female parent is educated, the better the Childs academic public presentation. When male childs and misss are analysed individually it is seen that if the raising constituent is isolated, the male parents education affairs more for male childs whereas a female parents instruction affairs more for misss. The positive effects of the instruction of the adoptive parents are merely seen for kids related to the caput of their new families ( Damien de Walque, 2005 ) . Research Undertaking Literature Review By Asna Shahid Section G 07U0469 Submitted to Anam Tahir Lahore School of Economics How to cite Female Education And A Nations Development Education Essay, Essay examples

Generational Accounting Theory and Application

Question: Discuss about the Generational Accounting for Theory and Application. Answer: Introduction The current study elucidates various factors that can drive the culture of the organization, systems, procedures that can help in controlling and directing diverse operations of a business entity with special reference to the functions of Qantas Airways. Qantas Airways is a flag carrier airline that operates in Australia and is the largest airline in terms of size of the fleet, international flights as well as international destinations. The company Qantas Airways has the fleet size of 131 and operates across 85 destinations. The company Qantas Airways has a total share of approximately 65% of the domestic Australian market and carries around 14.9% of total passengers travelling both in and out of Australia (Qantas.com.au 2016). Furthermore, the present study also evaluates different governance framework that refers to the assessment of the adherence to different rules and regulation, examination of the General Purpose Financial Reports for different users of financial declarations of Qantas Airways. Moreover, the present study also identifies different issues that can be related to the framework of the remuneration along with the internal and external controls of the organization. In addition to this, the current report also elucidates in detail the notions of prudence and adherence to the conceptual structure for the financial reporting (Qantas.com.au 2016). Factors that drive the culture of Qantas Airways Corporate Governance: As rightly put forward by Edwards (2013), the corporate governance indicates the particular approach that the board of a corporation adopts for the purpose of enhancement of the value of the shareholders. This corporate governance can ensure the generation, protection and at the same time building up the funds provided by the shareholders. As per the corporate governance statement declared by the company, the management of Qantas Airways upholds higher levels of corporate ethics Rahman (2013). The board of Qantas Airways consists of widely held Independent Non-Executive Directors along with the Executive Director that can provide suitable balance of competence, knowledge, independence as well as diversity to facilitate the Board in effectually discharge the tasks. The Board of Qantas Airways essentially lays a strong foundation for management as well as oversight. The Board of the company Qantas follows a charter and is accountable for the establishing, evaluating the strategic direc tion and monitoring the process of implementation of the strategy in the company Qantas Airways (Qantas.com.au 2016). The CEO of the organization is responsible for daily management of the overall Qantas group and the company secretary is answerable directly to the Board and the Chairperson on matters related to the appropriate functioning of the company. The board of Qantas Airways is also properly structured and divided into four different committees (Audit committee, Nominations committee, Remuneration Committee and the Safety, Environment, Environment and security committee) to enhance the value of the shareholders of the organization. Furthermore, the Board has also established a suitable corporate governance structure that consists of the Non-Negotiable Business Principles as well as Group polices and helps the management in promoting the ethical and responsible process of decision-making (Qantas.com.au 2016). The board safeguards the integrity of corporate financial reporting by keeping track of the independence of the external auditor of the firm (Miller and Power 2013). There are also policies in place that can restrain different types of non-audit services. In addition to this, the Board conforms with the Groups Continuous Disclosure Policy and presents timely and at the same time balanced disclosures and ensures that the shares of the company is traded in an orderly as well as informed market. The company has a Shareholder Communication Policy that effectively promotes effectual two way process of communication with the respective shareholders of the business entity and the wider community of the financiers. The boards can hereby respect the rights of particular shareholders of the organization (Kang and Gray 2013). In addition to this, the Board of the organization Qantas Airways also identifies and manages the risk of the firm to uphold the achievement of the firm and to accomplish the different corporate governance requirements. Again, as per the remuneration report of the firm, the board also remunerates fairly and responsibly. Issues with the remuneration rate The directors of the company Qantas Airways are accountable for preparation as well as presentation of the Remuneration Report. The remuneration report conforms to the principles prescribed under Section 30A of the Corporation Act 2001 (Qantas.com.au 2016). The remuneration report of the company reflects the fact that the pay for the CEO of the company is directly associated to the performance of the company Qantas Airways and the growth in the prices of the shares of the company. However, the base pay of the CEO of the company has not increased and the person decided to forego around 5% of the base pay. However, the CEO of the corporation has received cash bonus of $1904000 and the award of $952000. The short-term incentive plan is also considered the annual at risk incentive plan for different members of the staff of the Qantas Airways. The annual incentive awards include the bonuses that can be paid to Executive members based on the performance measured against the Short Term Ince ntive Plan as well as non-financial measures. The Board also evaluates the performance of the employee against the scorecard rated at (140%) (Qantas.com.au 2016). The long-term incentive plan for the incentive plan for the executives is also examined against the three-year performance plan. The remuneration report also replicates the strong performance of the organization that strengthens the position the company and helps it to attain the best results even during the period of the Global Financial Crisis. The overall performances of the corporation against the significant metrics support the entire structure of the remuneration (Deegan 2013). In addition to this, the remuneration report also replicates the excellent performance of the employees of the firm and delivered great experience to the consumers (Edwards 2013). The hard work of the employees also helped in the process of transformation of the business. The remuneration structure of the company Qantas Airways reflects the fa ct that the executive remuneration structure that is designed to attract and retain the entire executive team. The company has a remuneration committee that follows the remuneration committee charter and conforms to the Corporate Governance Framework of the ASX Corporate Governance Councils (Qantas.com.au 2016). Analysis of the General Purpose Financial Reports for users to make financial reports Conceptual Framework As rightly put forward by Kang and Gray (2013), the conceptual framework refers to the intentions of and the notions of the general purpose financial reporting. The conceptual framework can be considered as an effective tool that helps the board of an organization in the development of the standards that are essentially based on different consistent concepts. Again, the conceptual structure also aids the preparers of the general-purpose financial reports to develop effective and at the same time consistent policies of accounting at the time when the standard can permit the choice of the accounting policy (DRURY 2013). In addition to this, the conceptual framework also assists in the process of understanding as well as interpreting the standards. Furthermore, the intention and purpose of the conceptual framework is also to augment the framework of financial reporting by providing a complete, updated and at the same time clear set of notion (Aasb.gov.au. 2016). The financial declarations of the Qantas Airways, conforming to AASB CF helps in dealing with the objective of the financial statements, different qualitative characteristics that in turn determine the effectiveness of the financial reports (Aasb.gov.au. 2016). The different elements form the financial statements include the assets, liabilities as well as equity that in turn describes the financial position of the firm. The framework also provides the structure for the assessment of the performance of the firm from the income, expenses and the profit figure (Aasb.gov.au. 2016). In addition to this, the conceptual framework also provides the criteria for recognition of different items included in the financial declarations of the firm. Analysis of the financial Position The consolidated financial statements of the Qantas Airways are essentially the general purpose financial reports that the company prepares in conformation with the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) and the Corporation Act. In addition to this, the company also presents the financial declarations in accordance with the International Accounting Standards Board and the International Financial Reporting Standards (Henderson et al. 2015). Assets: As per the financial reports recorded during the year 2015, the total assets of the company are $17530 M. The assets like all other elements of the consolidated financial statements of the Qantas Airways are presented in terms of the Australian Dollars that happens to be functional currency of the entire Qantas Group (Qantas.com.au 2016). The assets categorised as held for sale are enumerated at lower value of the cost and the fair value after the deduction of the costs of sales (Henderson et al. 2015). However, the net defined asset is enumerated at the fair value of different plan assets after deduction of the present value of the defined benefit obligation. Liabilities: The total liabilities of the company Qantas Airways are recorded to be $14083 M during the year 2015. However, there are certain current as well as non-current interest bearing liabilities that are used for financing the operations of the aircraft (Bonin 2013). As mentioned in the annual report of the company, this particular item of the balance sheet is also presented based on the historical cost and expressed in the functional currency that is the Australian Dollar. Equity: The Total Equity of the Qantas Airways is recorded to be $3447M during the year 2015 as per the annual report of the firm. As mentioned in the annual declaration of the firm, the net defined benefit liability is enumerated at fair value of plan liabilities after deduction of the present value of the defined benefit requirements. Again, the derivatives at fair value by way of the profit and loss are enumerated at the fair value (Uno and Bartelmus 2013). Analysis of the inventory The inventory of the company Qantas Airways increased from $322M during 2015 from $317M as per the financial records of the firm. The increase in the inventory is mainly due to the increase in the engineering expendables, decrease in the consumable stores and the decrease in the work in progress. The incapability to deal with the inventory in the business operations of the Qantas Airways might possibly impair the overall competitive position of the corporation (Qantas.com.au 2016). Analysis of the accounts receivable, provision for bad debt and doubtful debt The receivables of the company Qantas as recorded in the consolidated balance sheet is $959M during the period 2015. The figure for current receivables decreased from $1196M to $959M in 2015 (Qantas.com.au 2016). Again, the figure for the non-current receivables also decreased from the $158M to $134M. The decrease in the accounts receivables can be attributed for the decline in the trade debtors and the sundry debtors. The trade receivables are essentially recognized at the fair value and at the same time calculated at amortised cost by means of the interest method after allowing for the deduction of the allowance for impairment (Ryan et al. 2014). The management of Qantas Airways devised an optimal capital framework by reducing the debt and at the same time increasing the liquidity that led to the improvement of the return on invested capital to 16%. The transformation program of Qantas Airway also helped the corporation in paying off more than $1 billion of the net debt (Qantas.com .au 2016). Analysis of the plant, property and equipment The plant, property and equipment of Qantas Airways are recorded to be $136 M during the year 2015. However, the plant, property and equipment increased from $134M registered during the year 2014. The non-recurring fair value enumeration for the plant, property and equipment categorised as held for sale can again be classified under the fair value hierarchy founded on the inputs to the valuation mechanisms utilized (Yong et al. 2016). Analysis of depreciation methods Depreciation as well as amortisation expenses were lower with $195 million of the reduction resulting from the non-cash impairment to the Qantas International fleet. The depreciation and amortisation was recorded to be $1422 during 2014 and it rose from $1096M (Qantas.com.au 2016). The depreciation method that the company Qantas Airways takes into consideration is the straight-line method that is based on different items of property, plant as well as equipment barring only the freehold land that is not depreciated. The depreciation rates of different owned assets are enumerated to apportion the cost or else the valuation of an asset, after deduction of the approximated residual value over the estimated useful life of the asset of the Qantas Group (Qantas.com.au 2016). Again, the assets are essentially depreciated right from the date of acquisition or else with regard to internally generated assets right from the time the specific asset is totally completed and is available for the ap plication. Treatment of leases The Qantas Group essentially leases the airline under finance leases that has the expiry dates between one and ten years. The analysis of the leases of the Qantas Airways reveals the fact that the finance leases comprises of the purchase alternative that is exercisable at the end of the term of the lease. However, the total finance leases amount to $1498M and the operating lease commitments amount to $2782M. The leases are not presented in the balance sheet of the company Qantas Airways. The annual report also replicates the fact that the capitalised operating lease liability is essentially enumerated at fair value at the date of the commencement of the lease. Again, the lease is recalculated over a specific term of the lease based on a principal and interest that is analogous to a finance lease (Qantas.com.au 2016). Analysis of the process of reporting revenue in the financial reports of Woolworths Limited: The revenue of the firm Qantas Airways is essentially recorded to be $15816M during the year 2015 where the net passenger revenue contributes $13667M and the net freight revenue provides $936M (Qantas.com.au 2016). The Qantas Group diminished the costs, directed towards the development of revenue, and thereafter continued to improve the overall experience for Qantas as well as Jet star consumers. The revenue of the business is calculated based on fair value based on diverse types of consideration for meeting different criteria for recognition. The revenue of the company Qantas Airways can be recognizes as net of returns as well as discounts (Qantas.com.au 2016). Prudence As rightly put forward by Barth (2013), prudence refers to the conservatism notion that again indicates the accounting principles that the accountants need to follow for recording of liabilities and at the same time expenses for the purpose of realization. However, this concept of prudence refers to the also calls for the need of increasing the awareness of the accountants in in adopting strategies as well as approximations on income assets and at the same time overstatement of expenses of the entity. Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework refers to the process of preparation and presentation of the financial statements that can help in the improvement of the financial reporting. The conceptual framework also helps in the process of mapping of the uncertainties (Edwards 2013). The recognition of uncertainties from different corporate helps in exercising prudence. Again, the prudence is also the notion that is inclusive of the degree of caution for exercising over the specific judgements for uncertainty (Barth 2013). Process for updating the conceptual framework The update as well as development of the conceptual framework refers to the removal of the IASB with special orientation to different principles of prudence (Rahman 2013). The process of updating the concept of prudence excludes significant facets of faithful representation (Yong et al. 2016). The updates also refer to the process of updating different references to the conceptual framework that includes proposed amendments to the standards such as the AASB 2, AASB 3, AASB 4, AASB 6, AASB 101, AASB 108, AASB 134 and many others (Aasb.gov.au. 2016). Advantages and disadvantages of on financial reporting The advantages comprises of the reference to prudence in the conceptual structure that brings steadiness in the information and brings the neutrality of different activities (Miller and Power 2013). The prevention for deliberate misstatement also helps in improvement of the financial reporting as per the conceptual framework. However, the disadvantages comprises of biasness that in turn affects the financial performance of the firm in the later period. Conclusion The financiers can evaluate different items of the financial reports of the corporation Qantas Airways. The above study helps in understanding the importance of disclosure policy of the Qantas Airways that fundamentally conforms to the Corporation Act 2001 as well as the Listing Rules of ASX. In addition to this, the constant disclosure strategy of the corporation can thus help in developing the investors confidence towards integrity in addition to the securities. The current study also provides a clear overview regarding conceptual framework and helps in analysis of different elements of the financial statements. Consequently, the investors can investigate the efficiency of the corporation in transferring the inventory of the corporation into sales before making any effective decision. In addition to this, the financiers are also responsive to different investments of the corporation for the plant, property as well as equipment of the corporation. The investments of the company for the plant, property and equipment can at first cause outflow of cash and thereby can assist the corporation in generation of the revenue in the future period. Therefore, the financiers can boost up the overall sentiments of the financiers optimistically. References Aasb.gov.au. (2016).Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) - Home. [online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au [Accessed 23 Aug. 2016]. Barth, M.E., 2013. 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